tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-65955185803425984422024-03-14T00:35:14.871-07:00Bruce's Marine BlogBrucehttp://www.blogger.com/profile/03622598167937291995noreply@blogger.comBlogger14125tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-6595518580342598442.post-46387679655699788502007-12-01T18:31:00.000-08:002007-12-01T18:38:06.387-08:00Bruce's Top 20 Fish Picks of 2007 (Fish of the Marianas assignment)<p style="visibility:visible;"><object type="application/x-shockwave-flash" data="http://widget-a3.slide.com/widgets/slideticker.swf" height="320" width="426" style="width:426px;height:320px"><param name="movie" value="http://widget-a3.slide.com/widgets/slideticker.swf"><param name="quality" value="high"><param name="scale" value="noscale"><param name="salign" value="l"><param name="wmode" value="transparent"> <param name="flashvars" value="cy=ms&il=1&channel=936748722499553187&site=widget-a3.slide.com"></object><p><a href="http://www.slide.com/pivot?cy=ms&ad=0&id=936748722499553187&map=1" target="_blank"><img src="http://widget-a3.slide.com/p1/936748722499553187/ms_t043_v000_a000_f00/images/xslide1.gif" border="0" ismap="ismap" /></a> <a href="http://www.slide.com/pivot?cy=ms&ad=0&id=936748722499553187&map=2" target="_blank"><img src="http://widget-a3.slide.com/p2/936748722499553187/ms_t043_v000_a000_f00/images/xslide2.gif" border="0" ismap="ismap" /></a></p></p><br /><br /><br /> <p class="MsoNormal">Common names:<span style=""> </span>Scientific Name:<span style=""> </span><span style=""> </span>Location:</p> <br /><br /> <p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 0.25in; text-indent: -0.25in;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style=""><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman"; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal; font-size-adjust: none; font-stretch: normal;"></span></span><!--[endif]-->Tiger Shark<span style=""> </span>Galeocerdo cuvier<span style=""> </span><span style=""> </span>Outside reefs and sometimes inside Saipan’s lagoon</p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 0.25in; text-indent: -0.25in;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style=""></span>Manta Ray<span style=""> </span>Manta birostris<span style=""> </span><span style=""></span>Often seen in deep waters around TIQ, SPN Lagoon</p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 0.25in; text-indent: -0.25in;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style=""></span>Giant Moray<span style=""> </span>Gymnothorax javanicus<span style=""> </span>Saipan’s Barrier Reef, Reef Patchs in Tinian and Rota</p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 0.25in; text-indent: -0.25in;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style=""></span>Estuarine stonefish Synanceia horrida<span style=""> </span><span style=""> </span>Throughout the beaches of the CNMI</p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 0.25in; text-indent: -0.25in;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style=""></span>Giant trevally<span style=""> </span>Caranx ignobilis<span style=""> </span><span style=""> </span>Throughout the deep waters within and outside of the reefs</p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 0.25in; text-indent: -0.25in;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style=""><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman"; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal; font-size-adjust: none; font-stretch: normal;"> </span></span><!--[endif]-->Pacific Double-saddle butterflyfish Chaetodon ulietensis Throughout the beaches of the CNMI</p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 0.25in; text-indent: -0.25in;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style=""><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman"; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal; font-size-adjust: none; font-stretch: normal;"> </span></span><!--[endif]-->Emperor angelfish<span style=""> </span>Pormacanthus imperator Throughout the beaches of the CNMI as well as the reefs</p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 0.25in; text-indent: -0.25in;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style=""></span>Twoband anemonefish Amphiprion bicinctus along the sea anemone on the reefs</p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 0.25in; text-indent: -0.25in;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style=""><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman"; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal; font-size-adjust: none; font-stretch: normal;"></span></span><!--[endif]-->Great Barracuda<span style=""> </span>Sphyraena barracuda<span style=""> </span><span style=""> </span>In and out of Lagoons, deep waters.</p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 0.25in; text-indent: -0.25in;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style=""></span><span style=""></span>Bluebarred parrotfish Scarus ghobban<span style=""> </span><span style=""> </span>In and around the reefs</p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 0.25in; text-indent: -0.25in;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style=""></span>Bluespine unicornfish Naso unicornis<span style=""> </span><span style=""> </span>In, around and around reefs</p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 0.25in; text-indent: -0.25in;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style=""></span>Pacific Blue Tang<span style=""> </span><span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: "Arial","sans-serif";">Paracanthurus hepatus<span style=""> </span><span style=""> </span>Around the reef</span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 0.25in; text-indent: -0.25in;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style=""><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman"; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal; font-size-adjust: none; font-stretch: normal;"> </span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: "Arial","sans-serif";">Forktail rabbitfish<span style=""> </span>Siganus argenteus<span style=""> </span><span style=""> </span>Around the reef</span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 0.25in; text-indent: -0.25in;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style=""></span><span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: "Arial","sans-serif";">White-barred triggerfish Rhinecanthus aculeatus Around the reef and in the lagoon</span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 0.25in; text-indent: -0.25in;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style=""><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman"; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal; font-size-adjust: none; font-stretch: normal;"></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: "Arial","sans-serif";">Longhorn cowfish<span style=""> </span>Lactoria cornuta<span style=""> </span><span style=""> </span>Around the lagoon and reef</span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 0.25in; text-indent: -0.25in;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style=""></span><span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: "Arial","sans-serif";">Solander’s sharpnose puffer Canthigaster solandri all over the reef and in lagoons</span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 0.25in; text-indent: -0.25in;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style=""><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman"; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal; font-size-adjust: none; font-stretch: normal;"></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: "Arial","sans-serif";">Harlequin snake eel<span style=""> </span>Myrichthys colubrinus<span style=""> </span><span style=""> </span>Inside of lagoons and around the reefs</span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 0.25in; text-indent: -0.25in;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style=""><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman"; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal; font-size-adjust: none; font-stretch: normal;"></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: "Arial","sans-serif";">Hawaiian lionfish<span style=""> </span>Pterois sphex<span style=""> </span><span style=""> </span>In holes of reefs</span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 0.25in; text-indent: -0.25in;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style=""></span>Red bass/ Red Snapper Lutjanus bohar<span style=""> </span><span style=""> </span>deep waters in lagoons and outside re</p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 0.25in; text-indent: -0.25in;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style=""><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman"; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal; font-size-adjust: none; font-stretch: normal;"></span></span>Panther flounder<span style=""> </span>Bothus pantherinus<span style=""> </span><span style=""> </span>sandy beaches depending on their colors for camouflage</p>Brucehttp://www.blogger.com/profile/03622598167937291995noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-6595518580342598442.post-72841271612074652062007-12-01T00:20:00.000-08:002007-12-01T00:57:56.817-08:00Coral Reefs!<div><a href="http://1.bp.blogspot.com/_AeXQpLENo8k/R1EcHDVFw5I/AAAAAAAAAF4/nH8UCnbFTXY/s1600-R/Atoll.bmp"><img id="BLOGGER_PHOTO_ID_5138919557284873106" style="DISPLAY: block; MARGIN: 0px auto 10px; CURSOR: hand; TEXT-ALIGN: center" alt="" src="http://1.bp.blogspot.com/_AeXQpLENo8k/R1EcHDVFw5I/AAAAAAAAAF4/g2LZ9mgIll4/s320/Atoll.bmp" border="0" /></a><br /><br /><div><a href="http://1.bp.blogspot.com/_AeXQpLENo8k/R1EcCDVFw4I/AAAAAAAAAFw/GRepAJmzryk/s1600-R/barrier+reef.bmp"><img id="BLOGGER_PHOTO_ID_5138919471385527170" style="DISPLAY: block; MARGIN: 0px auto 10px; CURSOR: hand; TEXT-ALIGN: center" alt="" src="http://1.bp.blogspot.com/_AeXQpLENo8k/R1EcCDVFw4I/AAAAAAAAAFw/idwdHN4CtkU/s320/barrier+reef.bmp" border="0" /></a><br /><br /><br /><div><a href="http://3.bp.blogspot.com/_AeXQpLENo8k/R1Eb9jVFw3I/AAAAAAAAAFo/K_v7xX15w_o/s1600-R/Fringing+reef.bmp"><img id="BLOGGER_PHOTO_ID_5138919394076115826" style="DISPLAY: block; MARGIN: 0px auto 10px; CURSOR: hand; TEXT-ALIGN: center" alt="" src="http://3.bp.blogspot.com/_AeXQpLENo8k/R1Eb9jVFw3I/AAAAAAAAAFo/taBjWMDTYOc/s320/Fringing+reef.bmp" border="0" /></a><br /><br /><br /><br /><div><br /><br /><strong>1. How is each reef structure formed?</strong></div><br /><div><br />Fringing reefs are formed around a volcanic island that subsides completely.</div><br /><div><br />Barrier reefs form when land masses sink, and fringing reefs become separated from shorelines by wide channels.<br /><br />If the land mass is a small island, it may eventually disappear below the ocean surface, and the reef becomes an atoll. Atolls are reefs that surround a central lagoon. The result is several low coral islands around a lagoon. An atoll can also be formed when a the volcanoes completely blows up and is no longer visible.</div><br /><div><br /><strong>2. Where is each reef structure found?</strong> </div><br /><br /><div>Fringing reefs border shorelines of continents and islands in tropical seas. (when no body of water is in between/separating the land and the reef)Fringing reefs are commonly found in the South Pacific Hawaiian Islands, and parts of the Caribbean. </div><br /><br /><div>Barrier reefs are common in the Caribbean and Indo-Pacific which occurs farther offshore. Here, the reef and island is separated by a body of water (lagoon). </div><br /><br /><div>Atolls commonly occur in the Indo- Pacific. They are found mostly as circular </div><br /><div><br /><strong>3. Give examples of the types of corals found on reefs.</strong> </div><br /><br /><div>Hard, Stony, table, staghorn, mushroom, and hermatypic coral. (and many more!)</div><br /><div><br /><strong>4. Give examples of competition, predation, and grazing.</strong></div><strong><br /><div><br /></strong><u>Competition:</u> Coral vs. Coral (For Space!)</div><br /><div><br /><u>Predation:</u> A Killerwhale hunting seals</div><br /><div><br /><u>Grazing:</u> Sea urchins eating kelp</div><br /><br /><br /><br /><div align="center"><br /><br /><strong>CRITICAL THINKING QUESTIONS: CHAPTER 14</strong></div><strong></strong><br /><br /><br /><br /><div><br /><strong>1. What factors might account for the fact that the vast majority of atolls occur in the Indian and Pacific oceans and that atolls are rare in the Atlantic?</strong></div><br /><div><br />First, the waters are warm in the Indo-Pacific. therefore, coral reefs could survive. Again, Coral needs warm water. unlike the Atlantic Ocean, the waters there are cold. Next is that the Pacific Ocean is home to the Ring of Fire (chains of vocanic activity) which is one known main factor for making atolls.</div><br /><div><br /><strong>2. Scientists predict that the ocean will get warmer and the sea level will rise as a result of an intensified greenhouse effect. How might this affect coral reefs?</strong></div><br /><div><br />The one thing about coral is that its very fragile! cold water would kill it just as water thats too warm or hot. So if the sea becomes warmer, then it would be possible to have coral reefs in the atlantic, but the ones in the pacific would die because the water will be too warm. Now if the sea level rises, then both oceans won't be capable of sustaining a coral reefs because coral would be too deep down in the water that it won't be able to capture sunlight needed for survival.</div><br /><div><br /><strong>3. There are only a few reefs off the northeast coast of Brazil, even though it lies in the tropics. How would you explain this?</strong></div><br /><div><br />There are only a few reefs in the northeastern coast of Brazil simply because of erosion. There are numerous rivers that flow in and out of the area, depositing sedmient particles of dirt and rubble as well as human pollution. Also, during storms, it is known that the area gets flooded, dragging in more and more pollution and erosion out into the ocean. Only a few reefs in the area manages to stay alive.</div><br /><br /><br /><img id="BLOGGER_PHOTO_ID_5138922799985181602" style="DISPLAY: block; MARGIN: 0px auto 10px; WIDTH: 476px; CURSOR: hand; HEIGHT: 408px; TEXT-ALIGN: center" height="343" alt="" src="http://4.bp.blogspot.com/_AeXQpLENo8k/R1EfDzVFw6I/AAAAAAAAAGA/lRVIJe8Hy_I/s320/SaipanReefs.bmp" width="371" border="0" /><br /><div><br />Similarities:</div><div> 1. All can be found throughout the Indo-Pacific</div><div>2. Fringing reefs, barrier reefs, and atolls are all related stages in the sequence of atoll reef formation</div><div>3. All could be found in warm waters</div><div>4. All were once a volcanoe.</div><div>5. All can sustain life.</div><div> </div><div>Differences:</div><div>1. Location</div><div>2. Fringing reefs are most common</div><div>3. Atolls are fully emerged.</div><div>4. Barrier reefs have open water in between land and itself.</div><div>5. Atolls are much older than barrier and fringing reefs.</div><div> </div></div></div></div>Brucehttp://www.blogger.com/profile/03622598167937291995noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-6595518580342598442.post-7262661636355142222007-11-30T21:31:00.000-08:002007-11-30T22:45:46.428-08:00Seafloor Spreading<div align="center"><a href="http://1.bp.blogspot.com/_AeXQpLENo8k/R1EC4DVFw2I/AAAAAAAAAFg/YRGYk_VcDLI/s1600-R/seafloor.bmp"><img id="BLOGGER_PHOTO_ID_5138891811796140898" style="DISPLAY: block; MARGIN: 0px auto 10px; CURSOR: hand; TEXT-ALIGN: center" alt="" src="http://1.bp.blogspot.com/_AeXQpLENo8k/R1EC4DVFw2I/AAAAAAAAAFg/bfSB0CPE_AU/s320/seafloor.bmp" border="0" /></a> Above: The Worlds Seafloor<br /></div><div align="center"><a href="http://4.bp.blogspot.com/_AeXQpLENo8k/R1ECAzVFw1I/AAAAAAAAAFY/8ZOpOl01KpU/s1600-R/seafloor+spreading.bmp"><img id="BLOGGER_PHOTO_ID_5138890862608368466" style="DISPLAY: block; MARGIN: 0px auto 10px; CURSOR: hand; TEXT-ALIGN: center" alt="" src="http://4.bp.blogspot.com/_AeXQpLENo8k/R1ECAzVFw1I/AAAAAAAAAFY/mlrygWEfnyY/s320/seafloor+spreading.bmp" border="0" /></a><br /><br /><div>Seafloor spreading (This is how the Mariana's Trench was formed)</div><br /><br /><div></div><br /><br /><div></div><br /><br /><div></div><br /><br /><div>Post the map and description of the following:</div><br /><br /><div></div><br /><br /><p><strong>What is sea floor spreading?</strong></p><br /><br /><p>occurs at mid-ocean ridges, where new oceanic crust is formed through volcanic activity and then gradually moves away from the ridge. Seafloor spreading helps explain continental drift in the theory of plate tectonics</p><br /><br /><p><strong>What are some of the major land forms that are created from plate movement?</strong></p><br /><br /><p>The seperation of land (ex. Pangaea into the 7 continents), trenches, mountains, canyons, and more.</p><br /><br /><p><strong>How were the Mariana Islands formed?</strong></p><br /><br /><p>constant vocanoe activities where the eruption cooled. Thosands of years in-the-making!</p><br /><br /><p><strong>What evidence exists today that the plates are still moving and that the islands are ancient volcanoes?</strong></p><br /><br /><p>Earthquakes and vocanoes, as well as the samples collected on atolls.</p><br /><br /><p><strong>What is an atoll?</strong></p><br /><br /><p>An atoll is an island of coral that encircles a lagoon partially or completely (sinking island)</p><br /><br /><p><strong>Why are atolls mainly found on the Pacific?</strong></p><br /><br /><p>Because of the ring of fire (many vocanoes in one area, gives a bigger chance of atolls), and most importantly, is because coral reefs grow survive on atolls, and in order to do so, they need warm water.</p><br /></div>Brucehttp://www.blogger.com/profile/03622598167937291995noreply@blogger.com2tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-6595518580342598442.post-8743921106755786792007-11-30T20:47:00.000-08:002007-11-30T21:01:53.390-08:00Pillow Star<div align="center"><a href="http://3.bp.blogspot.com/_AeXQpLENo8k/R1DpszVFwzI/AAAAAAAAAFI/AMEvp2RZnTU/s1600-R/pillowstar"><img id="BLOGGER_PHOTO_ID_5138864130731918130" style="DISPLAY: block; MARGIN: 0px auto 10px; CURSOR: hand; TEXT-ALIGN: center" alt="" src="http://3.bp.blogspot.com/_AeXQpLENo8k/R1DpszVFwzI/AAAAAAAAAFI/BsO9j6UTtrQ/s320/pillowstar" border="0" /></a><br /><a href="http://1.bp.blogspot.com/_AeXQpLENo8k/R1DptTVFw0I/AAAAAAAAAFQ/hXR600rSynI/s1600-R/pillowstar1"><img id="BLOGGER_PHOTO_ID_5138864139321852738" style="DISPLAY: block; MARGIN: 0px auto 10px; CURSOR: hand; TEXT-ALIGN: center" alt="" src="http://1.bp.blogspot.com/_AeXQpLENo8k/R1DptTVFw0I/AAAAAAAAAFQ/ySo5oepXcbc/s320/pillowstar1" border="0" /></a><strong>Pillow Sea Star</strong></div><div align="left"> </div><div align="left"><strong>Classification Kindom:</strong> Echinoderms<br /><strong>Phylum:</strong> Echinodermata<br /><strong>Class:</strong> Asteroidea (seastars)<br /><strong>Habitat:</strong> Shallow patch, barrier, and fringing reefs.<br /><strong>Food Source:</strong> may consume coral polyps, clams, and oysters; or any animal too slow to evade the attack (e.g. dying fish) or algae.<br /><strong>Description of life cycle:</strong> As same as a Starfish<br /><strong>How does it move:</strong> cannot move quickly. However, like starfish from genus Astropecten and Luidia are capable of rapid, creeping motion: "gliding" across the ocean floor. This motion results from their pointed tube feet adapted specially for excavating patches of sand.<br /><strong>Unique characteristics:</strong> Pillow seastar can right itself if rolled over by inflating half of its body until the tube feet can get a grip. As it grows, it loses its arms and becomes spherical. Starfish are capable of both sexual and asexual reproduction</div><div align="left"><strong>Role in the ecosystem:</strong> These bottom dwellers play a crucial role in the ocean ecosystem, as prey when they are free-floating larvae and as predator when they reach adulthood. Few animals eat adult Pillow Stars, which are apparently neither palatable nor nutritious.<br /></div>Brucehttp://www.blogger.com/profile/03622598167937291995noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-6595518580342598442.post-42732347529192124432007-11-30T19:39:00.000-08:002007-11-30T21:02:58.994-08:00Genetics-Cell Cycle Questions<p><span style="color:#ffffff;">1. What is DNA? </span></p><ul><li><span style="color:#ffffff;">DNA or Deoxyribonucleic acid is a </span><a title="Nucleic acid" href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nucleic_acid"><span style="color:#ffffff;">nucleic acid</span></a><span style="color:#ffffff;"> that contains the </span><a title="Genetics" href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Genetics"><span style="color:#ffffff;">genetic</span></a><span style="color:#ffffff;"> instructions used in the </span><a title="Developmental biology" href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Developmental_biology"><span style="color:#ffffff;">development</span></a><span style="color:#ffffff;"> and functioning of all known </span><a title="Life" href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Life"><span style="color:#ffffff;">living organisms</span></a><span style="color:#ffffff;">. The main role of DNA </span><a title="Molecule" href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Molecule"><span style="color:#ffffff;">molecules</span></a><span style="color:#ffffff;"> is the long-term storage of </span><a title="Information" href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Information"><span style="color:#ffffff;">inform<span style="font-size:+0;"></span><span style="font-size:+0;"></span><span style="font-size:+0;"></span>ation</span></a><span style="color:#ffffff;"> and is often compared to a set of blueprints, since it contains the instructions needed to construct other components of </span><a title="Cell (biology)" href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cell_%28biology%29"><span style="color:#ffffff;">cells</span></a><span style="color:#ffffff;">, such as </span><a title="Protein" href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Protein"><span style="color:#ffffff;">proteins</span></a><span style="color:#ffffff;"> and </span><a title="RNA" href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/RNA"><span style="color:#ffffff;">RNA</span></a><span style="color:#ffffff;"> molecules.</span></li></ul><p><span style="color:#ffffff;">2. What are the 4 bases?</span></p><ul><li><span style="color:#ffffff;">Guanine</span></li><li><span style="color:#ffffff;">Cytosine</span></li><li><span style="color:#ffffff;">Adenine</span></li><li><span style="color:#ffffff;">Thymine</span></li></ul><p><br /><span style="color:#ffffff;">3. What 2 pieces of information did the scientists need to solve the elusive structure of DNA? </span></p><ul><li><span style="color:#ffffff;">base-pair interactions</span></li><li><span style="color:#ffffff;">Genetic engineering</span></li></ul><p><br /><span style="color:#ffffff;">4. What are the specific base pairs? </span></p><ul><li><a title="Adenine" href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Adenine"><span style="color:#ffffff;">Adenine</span></a><span style="color:#ffffff;"> (A) forms a base pair with </span><a title="Thymine" href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thymine"><span style="color:#ffffff;">thymine</span></a><span style="color:#ffffff;"> (T), as does </span><a title="Guanine" href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Guanine"><span style="color:#ffffff;">guanine</span></a><span style="color:#ffffff;"> (G) with </span><a title="Cytosine" href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cytosine"><span style="color:#ffffff;">cytosine</span></a><span style="color:#ffffff;"> (C) in DNA. In RNA, </span><a title="Thymine" href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thymine"><span style="color:#ffffff;">thymine</span></a><span style="color:#ffffff;"> is replaced by </span><a title="Uracil" href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Uracil"><span style="color:#ffffff;">uracil</span></a><span style="color:#ffffff;"> (U).</span></li></ul><p><br /><span style="color:#ffffff;">5. How does the pairing rule effect the shape and structure of DNA? </span></p><ul><li><span style="color:#ffffff;">The sequence of the pairings forms a code which holds genetic information. When the code is paired, each rung in the helix would become equal in length, and the sugar-phosphate backbone will smoothen.</span></li></ul><p><span style="color:#ffffff;">6. What does the DNA do during cell division?<br /></span></p><ul><li><span style="color:#ffffff;">Cells stop dividing because the </span><a title="Telomere" href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Telomere"><span style="color:#ffffff;">telomeres</span></a><span style="color:#ffffff;"> (protective bits of DNA on the end of a </span><a title="Chromosome" href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chromosome"><span style="color:#ffffff;">chromosome</span></a><span style="color:#ffffff;">) become shorter with each division and eventually can no longer protect the chromosome.</span></li></ul><p><span style="color:#ffffff;">7. How many base pairs does E. Coli have? How long does it take to replicate? How is the DNA packaged in the cell? </span></p><ul><li><span style="color:#ffffff;">E. Coli has around 4 or more million base pairs. They can replicate in millions in minutes and billions a day. E. Coli is package tightly to a cell in condensed fashion.</span></li></ul><p><span style="color:#ffffff;">8. How many base pairs does Human DNA have? How long does it take to replicate? How is the DNA packaged in the cell? </span></p><ul><li><span style="color:#ffffff;">About 3 billion pairs in about a half to a full day. It is packaged in 23 distinct chromosome pairs that’s “Spiral” shaped.</span></li></ul><p><span style="color:#ffffff;">1. What is RNA? How different is it from DNA? </span></p><ul><li><span style="color:#ffffff;">Ribonucleic acid is a </span><a title="Nucleic acid" href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nucleic_acid"><span style="color:#ffffff;">nucleic acid</span></a><span style="color:#ffffff;">, consisting of many </span><a title="Nucleotide" href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nucleotide"><span style="color:#ffffff;">nucleotides</span></a><span style="color:#ffffff;"> that form a </span><a title="Polymer" href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Polymer"><span style="color:#ffffff;">polymer</span></a><span style="color:#ffffff;">. In RNA, each nucleotide consists of a </span><a title="Nucleobase" href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nucleobase"><span style="color:#ffffff;">nitrogenous base</span></a><span style="color:#ffffff;">, a </span><a title="Ribose" href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ribose"><span style="color:#ffffff;">ribose</span></a><span style="color:#ffffff;"> sugar, and a </span><a title="Phosphate" href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Phosphate"><span style="color:#ffffff;">phosphate</span></a></li></ul><p><span style="color:#ffffff;"></span></p><p><span style="color:#ffffff;">2. How are the RNA messages formed? </span></p><ul><li><span style="color:#ffffff;">Messenger RNA (mRNA) is single-stranded. Its sequence of nucleotides is called "sense" because it results in a gene product (protein). Normally, its unpaired nucleotides are "read" by transfer RNA anticodons as the ribosome proceeds to translate the message.</span></li></ul><p><span style="color:#ffffff;">3. How are the RNA messages interpreted? </span></p><ul><li><span style="color:#ffffff;">Codons, in groups of three nucleotides.</span></li></ul><p><span style="color:#ffffff;">1. Describe cell cycle. </span></p><ul><li><span style="color:#ffffff;">Cell’s </span><a title="Chromosomes" href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chromosomes"><span style="color:#ffffff;">chromosomes</span></a><span style="color:#ffffff;"> are divided between the two daughter cells, and </span><a title="Cytokinesis" href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cytokinesis"><span style="color:#ffffff;">cytokinesis</span></a><span style="color:#ffffff;">, in which the cell's </span><a title="Cytoplasm" href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cytoplasm"><span style="color:#ffffff;">cytoplasm</span></a><span style="color:#ffffff;"> divides forming distinct cells. From here, the cells continue to divide by two in a repeated process.</span></li></ul><p><span style="color:#ffffff;"></span></p><p><span style="color:#ffffff;">2. What is nuclear division. </span></p><ul><li><span style="color:#ffffff;">When the nucleus divides and engage with subphases</span></li></ul><p><span style="color:#ffffff;">3. What is interphase. </span></p><ul><li><span style="color:#ffffff;">Interphase is a phase of the </span><a title="Cell cycle" href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cell_cycle"><span style="color:#ffffff;">cell cycle</span></a><span style="color:#ffffff;"> when the cells obtain nutrients.</span></li></ul><p><span style="color:#ffffff;">4. Cytokinesis. </span></p><ul><li><span style="color:#ffffff;">is the process when the </span><a title="Cytoplasm" href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cytoplasm"><span style="color:#ffffff;">cytoplasm</span></a><span style="color:#ffffff;"> of a single cell is divided to spawn two daughter cells</span></li></ul><p><br /><span style="color:#ffffff;">5. Homologous chromosomes. </span></p><ul><li><span style="color:#ffffff;">Are </span><a title="Chromosomes" href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chromosomes"><span style="color:#ffffff;">chromosomes</span></a><span style="color:#ffffff;"> in a </span><a title="Biological cell" href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Biological_cell"><span style="color:#ffffff;">biological cell</span></a><span style="color:#ffffff;"> that pair </span><a title="Synapsis" href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Synapsis"><span style="color:#ffffff;">synapse</span></a><span style="color:#ffffff;"> during </span><a title="Meiosis" href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Meiosis"><span style="color:#ffffff;">meiosis</span></a><span style="color:#ffffff;">, or non-identical chromosomes that contain information for the same biological features and contain the same </span><a title="Gene" href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gene"><span style="color:#ffffff;">genes</span></a><span style="color:#ffffff;"> at the same </span><a title="Locus (genetics)" href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Locus_%28genetics%29"><span style="color:#ffffff;">loci</span></a><span style="color:#ffffff;"> but maybe different genetic information.</span></li></ul><p><span style="color:#ffffff;">6. Phases of mitosis (5 of them). </span></p><ul><li><span style="color:#ffffff;">Interphase, Metaphase, Anaphase, Telophase, Cytokinesis</span></li></ul><p><span style="color:#ffffff;">7. Phases of meiosis and how it is different from mitosis.</span></p><ul><li><span style="color:#ffffff;">Prophase I , Metaphase I, Anaphase I, Telophase I, Prophase II , Metaphase II, Anaphase II, and Telophase II. Meiosis may start out the same as with mitosis, but then they eventually split once again after the first cytokinesis to form more chromosome 8.</span></li></ul><p><span style="color:#ffffff;">8. Describe the process and purpose of crossing over. </span></p><ul><li><span style="color:#ffffff;">Crossing over is a process when two </span><a title="Chromosomes" href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chromosomes"><span style="color:#ffffff;">chromosomes</span></a><span style="color:#ffffff;"> are paired up during </span><a title="Prophase" href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Prophase"><span style="color:#ffffff;">prophase</span></a><span style="color:#ffffff;"> 1 of </span><a title="Meiosis" href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Meiosis"><span style="color:#ffffff;">meiosis</span></a><span style="color:#ffffff;">, and then the exchange of some portion of their </span><a title="DNA" href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/DNA"><span style="color:#ffffff;">DNA</span></a><span style="color:#ffffff;">. Crossing over is mainly initiated in </span><a title="Pachytene" href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pachytene"><span style="color:#ffffff;">pachytene</span></a><span style="color:#ffffff;">, before the </span><a title="Synaptonemal complex" href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Synaptonemal_complex"><span style="color:#ffffff;">synaptonemal complex</span></a><span style="color:#ffffff;"> develops, and is not completed until near the end of prophase 1. Crossover usually occurs when matching regions on matching </span><a title="Chromosome" href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chromosome"><span style="color:#ffffff;">chromosomes</span></a><span style="color:#ffffff;"> break and then reconnect to the other chromosome. The result of this process is an exchange of </span><a title="Gene" href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gene"><span style="color:#ffffff;">genes</span></a><span style="color:#ffffff;">, called </span><a title="Genetic recombination" href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Genetic_recombination"><span style="color:#ffffff;">genetic recombination</span></a><span style="color:#ffffff;">.</span></li></ul>Brucehttp://www.blogger.com/profile/03622598167937291995noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-6595518580342598442.post-84101941469413816442007-10-17T20:48:00.000-07:002007-10-17T21:01:36.945-07:00Exotic creatures found in the coral triangle of the PhilippinesCheck out these photos of the newly discovery species found in the deep waters of the Philippines. The expedition included over two dozen U.S. and Philippine scientists and a group from National Geographic — including underwater photographer Emory Kristof, who teamed with noted underwater explorer Robert Ballard of WHOI in 1985 to find the wreckage of the Titanic.<a href="http://3.bp.blogspot.com/_AeXQpLENo8k/RxbY8f1Ns_I/AAAAAAAAAFA/oHW_BCch9PY/s1600-h/weird.jpg"><img id="BLOGGER_PHOTO_ID_5122520160028963826" style="DISPLAY: block; MARGIN: 0px auto 10px; CURSOR: hand; TEXT-ALIGN: center" alt="" src="http://3.bp.blogspot.com/_AeXQpLENo8k/RxbY8f1Ns_I/AAAAAAAAAFA/oHW_BCch9PY/s320/weird.jpg" border="0" /></a><br /><div><a href="http://4.bp.blogspot.com/_AeXQpLENo8k/RxbY2v1Ns-I/AAAAAAAAAE4/yXDgoljh15g/s1600-h/squid.jpg"><img id="BLOGGER_PHOTO_ID_5122520061244716002" style="DISPLAY: block; MARGIN: 0px auto 10px; CURSOR: hand; TEXT-ALIGN: center" alt="" src="http://4.bp.blogspot.com/_AeXQpLENo8k/RxbY2v1Ns-I/AAAAAAAAAE4/yXDgoljh15g/s320/squid.jpg" border="0" /></a><br /><br /><div><a href="http://2.bp.blogspot.com/_AeXQpLENo8k/RxbYyP1Ns9I/AAAAAAAAAEw/uo3rS5VfQq8/s1600-h/seastuff.jpg"><img id="BLOGGER_PHOTO_ID_5122519983935304658" style="DISPLAY: block; MARGIN: 0px auto 10px; CURSOR: hand; TEXT-ALIGN: center" alt="" src="http://2.bp.blogspot.com/_AeXQpLENo8k/RxbYyP1Ns9I/AAAAAAAAAEw/uo3rS5VfQq8/s320/seastuff.jpg" border="0" /></a><br /><br /><br /><div><a href="http://3.bp.blogspot.com/_AeXQpLENo8k/RxbYsf1Ns8I/AAAAAAAAAEo/Pyoze_wepvg/s1600-h/jellyfish+2.jpg"><img id="BLOGGER_PHOTO_ID_5122519885151056834" style="DISPLAY: block; MARGIN: 0px auto 10px; CURSOR: hand; TEXT-ALIGN: center" alt="" src="http://3.bp.blogspot.com/_AeXQpLENo8k/RxbYsf1Ns8I/AAAAAAAAAEo/Pyoze_wepvg/s320/jellyfish+2.jpg" border="0" /></a><br /><br /><br /><br /><div><a href="http://2.bp.blogspot.com/_AeXQpLENo8k/RxbYmP1Ns7I/AAAAAAAAAEg/PmOYvYEVYeE/s1600-h/fish.jpg"><img id="BLOGGER_PHOTO_ID_5122519777776874418" style="DISPLAY: block; MARGIN: 0px auto 10px; CURSOR: hand; TEXT-ALIGN: center" alt="" src="http://2.bp.blogspot.com/_AeXQpLENo8k/RxbYmP1Ns7I/AAAAAAAAAEg/PmOYvYEVYeE/s320/fish.jpg" border="0" /></a><br /><br /><br /><br /><br /><div><a href="http://3.bp.blogspot.com/_AeXQpLENo8k/RxbX4f1Ns6I/AAAAAAAAAEY/RVT9c66vMlQ/s1600-h/jellyfish.jpg"><img id="BLOGGER_PHOTO_ID_5122518991797859234" style="DISPLAY: block; MARGIN: 0px auto 10px; CURSOR: hand; TEXT-ALIGN: center" alt="" src="http://3.bp.blogspot.com/_AeXQpLENo8k/RxbX4f1Ns6I/AAAAAAAAAEY/RVT9c66vMlQ/s320/jellyfish.jpg" border="0" /></a><br /><br /><br /><br /><br /><br /><div></div></div></div></div></div></div>Brucehttp://www.blogger.com/profile/03622598167937291995noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-6595518580342598442.post-40171426010494197562007-09-25T01:27:00.000-07:002007-09-25T01:54:42.604-07:00Animal Cells<a onblur="try {parent.deselectBloggerImageGracefully();} catch(e) {}" href="http://2.bp.blogspot.com/_AeXQpLENo8k/RvjGxkjxdlI/AAAAAAAAADA/Pu7qAG1bxxQ/s1600-h/Animal+Cell.bmp"><img style="margin: 0px auto 10px; display: block; text-align: center; cursor: pointer;" src="http://2.bp.blogspot.com/_AeXQpLENo8k/RvjGxkjxdlI/AAAAAAAAADA/Pu7qAG1bxxQ/s400/Animal+Cell.bmp" alt="" id="BLOGGER_PHOTO_ID_5114055931808806482" border="0" /></a><span style="font-size:100%;"><span style="font-family: arial;">animal cell are forms of <span class="blsp-spelling-error" id="SPELLING_ERROR_0">eukaryotic</span> cells which make up many tissues in animals. they actually have small vacuoles. Due to the lack of a rigid cell wall, animal cells can adopt a variety of shapes.</span><br /><br /><span style="font-family: arial;">Post your answer the questions below:</span><br /><br /><span style="font-family: arial;">1. What are ribosomes?</span><br /><span style="font-family: arial;">2. does an animal cell contain a cell wall?</span><br /><span style="font-family: arial;">3. Where are </span></span><span style="font-family: arial;font-size:100%;" >where ribosomes</span><span style="font-family: arial;font-size:100%;" > constructed?</span>Brucehttp://www.blogger.com/profile/03622598167937291995noreply@blogger.com1tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-6595518580342598442.post-67495275827655311452007-09-18T21:09:00.000-07:002007-09-18T21:12:09.100-07:00"Chicken Soup for the Beer Drinkers Soul"" ......Sometimes when I reflect back on all the beer I drink I feel ashamed. Then I look into the glass and think about the workers in the brewery and all of their hopes and dreams. If I didn't drink this beer, they might be out of work and their dreams would be shattered. Then I say to myself, "It is better that I drink this beer and let their dreams come true than be selfish and worry about my liver! "Brucehttp://www.blogger.com/profile/03622598167937291995noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-6595518580342598442.post-76186046089544651162007-09-17T23:02:00.000-07:002007-09-17T23:38:16.338-07:00Currents Of Our World!<div align="center"> <img id="BLOGGER_PHOTO_ID_5111428894571182594" style="DISPLAY: block; MARGIN: 0px auto 10px; WIDTH: 398px; CURSOR: hand; HEIGHT: 240px; TEXT-ALIGN: center" height="289" alt="" src="http://2.bp.blogspot.com/_AeXQpLENo8k/Ru9xf4OVOgI/AAAAAAAAABs/wzdJ6a2Qiio/s400/POSTTHIS.bmp" width="470" border="0" /><span style="font-size:78%;color:#ff0000;"><em><strong>Earths Main Currents</strong></em></span></div><div align="center"><span style="font-size:78%;"><em></em><br /></span><div align="left"> <span style="color:#000099;">Ocean currents are continous directed movements of ocean water that flows in any of the earth's ocean. Currents are also forms of rivers of cold or hot water in the ocean. these currents are caused by the forces of the water in the earth's rotation, wind, temperature, and salinity differences and the gravity of the moon. other currents (such as the shoreline and depth contours) are influenced by the current's strength and direction. Currents contribute to the distribution of marine organisms around the earth. Currents stir the nutrients needed for marine life that have settled in deep waters. Currents also help move these organisms move around the ocean. If global warming increases, the ocean currents can become deadly. Warm currents will target icebergs and melt them. Scientists believe the disruption of these currents could actually bring the next ice age! The movement of ocean currents is influenced by changes in water density. Differences in water density associated with temperature and salinity play an important role in in shaping ocean currents.</span></div><br /><br /><br /><br /></div>Brucehttp://www.blogger.com/profile/03622598167937291995noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-6595518580342598442.post-77395325567162950692007-09-11T02:53:00.000-07:002007-09-11T02:55:26.603-07:00Pacific Cool "Rhythm of The Islands"<object width="300" height="80"><param name="movie" value="http://media.imeem.com/m/RCmKc_fWK7"></param><param name="wmode" value="transparent"></param><embed src="http://media.imeem.com/m/RCmKc_fWK7" type="application/x-shockwave-flash" width="300" height="80" wmode="transparent"></embed></object>Brucehttp://www.blogger.com/profile/03622598167937291995noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-6595518580342598442.post-91500668513855722452007-09-11T02:19:00.000-07:002007-09-11T02:45:41.523-07:00Weird Sea Creatures!<div style="text-align: center;"><a onblur="try {parent.deselectBloggerImageGracefully();} catch(e) {}" href="http://4.bp.blogspot.com/_AeXQpLENo8k/RuZhuWECdtI/AAAAAAAAABc/lil7H0UG1og/s1600-h/blue-lobster.jpg"><strong>Fact:</strong> One in a million of lobsters are blue<img style="margin: 0px auto 10px; display: block; text-align: center; cursor: pointer;" src="http://4.bp.blogspot.com/_AeXQpLENo8k/RuZhuWECdtI/AAAAAAAAABc/lil7H0UG1og/s400/blue-lobster.jpg" alt="" id="BLOGGER_PHOTO_ID_5108878276122801874" border="0" /></a><span style="color: rgb(51, 204, 0);">Dead Giant Squid</span><br /></div><div style="text-align: center;"><a onblur="try {parent.deselectBloggerImageGracefully();} catch(e) {}" href="http://4.bp.blogspot.com/_AeXQpLENo8k/RuZhhWECdsI/AAAAAAAAABU/ZR_cJV9wzP4/s1600-h/178-giant-squid-invade-chile-squid.jpg+d%3D1080379035.jpg%2520d%3D1080379035"><img style="margin: 0px auto 10px; display: block; text-align: center; cursor: pointer;" src="http://4.bp.blogspot.com/_AeXQpLENo8k/RuZhhWECdsI/AAAAAAAAABU/ZR_cJV9wzP4/s400/178-giant-squid-invade-chile-squid.jpg+d%3D1080379035.jpg%2520d%3D1080379035" alt="" id="BLOGGER_PHOTO_ID_5108878052784502466" border="0" /></a><br /><span style="color: rgb(51, 204, 0);">Giant Squid caught on Camera</span><br /></div><div style="text-align: center;"><a onblur="try {parent.deselectBloggerImageGracefully();} catch(e) {}" href="http://4.bp.blogspot.com/_AeXQpLENo8k/RuZhNWECdrI/AAAAAAAAABM/oL_izm9qQyY/s1600-h/GiantSquidPhoto02.jpg"><img style="margin: 0px auto 10px; display: block; text-align: center; cursor: pointer;" src="http://4.bp.blogspot.com/_AeXQpLENo8k/RuZhNWECdrI/AAAAAAAAABM/oL_izm9qQyY/s400/GiantSquidPhoto02.jpg" alt="" id="BLOGGER_PHOTO_ID_5108877709187118770" border="0" /></a><br /><span style="color: rgb(51, 204, 0);">Another Pic</span><br /></div><a onblur="try {parent.deselectBloggerImageGracefully();} catch(e) {}" href="http://1.bp.blogspot.com/_AeXQpLENo8k/RuZhCmECdqI/AAAAAAAAABE/1ruA5v87chY/s1600-h/GiantSquidPhoto01.jpg"><img style="margin: 0px auto 10px; display: block; text-align: center; cursor: pointer;" src="http://1.bp.blogspot.com/_AeXQpLENo8k/RuZhCmECdqI/AAAAAAAAABE/1ruA5v87chY/s400/GiantSquidPhoto01.jpg" alt="" id="BLOGGER_PHOTO_ID_5108877524503525026" border="0" /></a><br /><div style="text-align: center;"><span style="color: rgb(51, 204, 0);">Leafy Sea Dragon</span><a onblur="try {parent.deselectBloggerImageGracefully();} catch(e) {}" href="http://1.bp.blogspot.com/_AeXQpLENo8k/RuZgimECdpI/AAAAAAAAAA8/TWbLjd7qAp0/s1600-h/weird1.jpg"><img style="margin: 0px auto 10px; display: block; text-align: center; cursor: pointer;" src="http://1.bp.blogspot.com/_AeXQpLENo8k/RuZgimECdpI/AAAAAAAAAA8/TWbLjd7qAp0/s400/weird1.jpg" alt="" id="BLOGGER_PHOTO_ID_5108876974747711122" border="0" /></a><br /></div><div style="text-align: center;"><a onblur="try {parent.deselectBloggerImageGracefully();} catch(e) {}" href="http://4.bp.blogspot.com/_AeXQpLENo8k/RuZeuWECdoI/AAAAAAAAAA0/QavUZGnoZXY/s1600-h/weird+5.jpg"><span style="color: rgb(51, 204, 0);">A Basketwork & Squid</span><img style="margin: 0px auto 10px; display: block; text-align: center; cursor: pointer;" src="http://4.bp.blogspot.com/_AeXQpLENo8k/RuZeuWECdoI/AAAAAAAAAA0/QavUZGnoZXY/s400/weird+5.jpg" alt="" id="BLOGGER_PHOTO_ID_5108874977587918466" border="0" /></a><span style="color: rgb(51, 204, 0);">Chimaera fish</span><br /></div><div style="text-align: center;"><a onblur="try {parent.deselectBloggerImageGracefully();} catch(e) {}" href="http://2.bp.blogspot.com/_AeXQpLENo8k/RuZen2ECdnI/AAAAAAAAAAs/Hf3dKFnoesg/s1600-h/weird+4.jpg"><img style="margin: 0px auto 10px; display: block; text-align: center; cursor: pointer;" src="http://2.bp.blogspot.com/_AeXQpLENo8k/RuZen2ECdnI/AAAAAAAAAAs/Hf3dKFnoesg/s400/weird+4.jpg" alt="" id="BLOGGER_PHOTO_ID_5108874865918768754" border="0" /></a><br /><span style="color: rgb(51, 204, 0);">Chimaera pup</span></div><div style="text-align: center;"><a onblur="try {parent.deselectBloggerImageGracefully();} catch(e) {}" href="http://3.bp.blogspot.com/_AeXQpLENo8k/RuZejGECdmI/AAAAAAAAAAk/ZoyhhKh9Gwo/s1600-h/weird+3.jpg"><img style="margin: 0px auto 10px; display: block; text-align: center; cursor: pointer;" src="http://3.bp.blogspot.com/_AeXQpLENo8k/RuZejGECdmI/AAAAAAAAAAk/ZoyhhKh9Gwo/s400/weird+3.jpg" alt="" id="BLOGGER_PHOTO_ID_5108874784314390114" border="0" /></a><br /></div><div style="text-align: center;"><span style="color: rgb(51, 204, 0);">Prickly shark</span><a onblur="try {parent.deselectBloggerImageGracefully();} catch(e) {}" href="http://1.bp.blogspot.com/_AeXQpLENo8k/RuZeOmECdkI/AAAAAAAAAAU/VjpCrqkFXNM/s1600-h/weird+1.jpg"><img style="margin: 0px auto 10px; display: block; text-align: center; cursor: pointer;" src="http://1.bp.blogspot.com/_AeXQpLENo8k/RuZeOmECdkI/AAAAAAAAAAU/VjpCrqkFXNM/s400/weird+1.jpg" alt="" id="BLOGGER_PHOTO_ID_5108874432127071810" border="0" /></a><br /></div><object width="425" height="350"><param name="movie" value="http://www.youtube.com/v/5dv9JhQ0Msw"></param><param name="wmode" value="transparent"></param><embed src="http://www.youtube.com/v/5dv9JhQ0Msw" type="application/x-shockwave-flash" wmode="transparent" width="425" height="350"></embed></object><br /><br /><object width="425" height="350"><param name="movie" value="http://www.youtube.com/v/xry342A-utI"></param><param name="wmode" value="transparent"></param><embed src="http://www.youtube.com/v/xry342A-utI" type="application/x-shockwave-flash" wmode="transparent" width="425" height="350"></embed></object>Brucehttp://www.blogger.com/profile/03622598167937291995noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-6595518580342598442.post-8384116666936096752007-09-11T01:49:00.000-07:002007-09-11T01:50:39.099-07:00Sour Food<p class="MsoNormal"><b style="">Introduction<o:p></o:p></b></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="text-indent: 0.5in;">What makes food sour?<span style=""> </span>Foods become sour when they receive a high concentration of loose hydrogen atoms.<span style=""> </span>Atoms are tiny particles that make up just about everything we see.<span style=""> </span>They also link to make molecules.<span style=""> </span>Different food have different taste, and every taste has its own amount of hydrogen atoms.<span style=""> </span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="text-indent: 0.5in;"><o:p> </o:p></p> <p class="MsoNormal"><b style="">Hypothesis<o:p></o:p></b></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="text-indent: 0.5in;">In this experiment, I will see which foods are most sour.</p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="text-indent: 0.5in;"><o:p> </o:p></p> <p class="MsoNormal"><b style="">Materials<o:p></o:p></b></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="text-indent: 0.5in;">The materials I used in the experiment were five different foods, (Lemon juice, vinegar, orange juice, milk, and water), five regular plastic (clear) cups, five bottles, 5 blank food labels, a pen, a cup of dye, and a microscope.</p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="text-indent: 0.5in;"><o:p> </o:p></p> <p class="MsoNormal"><b style="">Procedures<o:p></o:p></b></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="text-indent: 0.5in;">First, I emptied each of the five foods into five bottles and labeled each bottle by numbers one to five.<span style=""> </span>Next, I lined up the empty cups right in front of them.<span style=""> </span>Then, I poured five drops of each food from the bottles in each of the empty cups.<span style=""> </span>After that, I identified the cups of what foods I implemented by numbering them matching that to their number bottle they came from.<span style=""> </span>Then, I added a drop of dye to each of the cups.<span style=""> </span>Doing so, each of the foods in the cups changed colors.<span style=""> </span>Next I used a microscope to look into each of the cups too see the hydrogen atoms.<span style=""> </span>Finally I rearranged each cup into in order of highest concentration of loose hydrogen to its lowest. </p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="text-indent: 0.5in;"><o:p> </o:p></p> <p class="MsoNormal"><b style="">Data<o:p></o:p></b></p> <p class="MsoNormal"><!--[if gte vml 1]><v:shapetype id="_x0000_t75" coordsize="21600,21600" spt="75" preferrelative="t" path="m@4@5l@4@11@9@11@9@5xe" filled="f" stroked="f"> <v:stroke joinstyle="miter"> <v:formulas> <v:f eqn="if lineDrawn pixelLineWidth 0"> <v:f eqn="sum @0 1 0"> <v:f eqn="sum 0 0 @1"> <v:f eqn="prod @2 1 2"> <v:f eqn="prod @3 21600 pixelWidth"> <v:f eqn="prod @3 21600 pixelHeight"> <v:f eqn="sum @0 0 1"> <v:f eqn="prod @6 1 2"> <v:f eqn="prod @7 21600 pixelWidth"> <v:f eqn="sum @8 21600 0"> <v:f eqn="prod @7 21600 pixelHeight"> <v:f eqn="sum @10 21600 0"> </v:formulas> <v:path extrusionok="f" gradientshapeok="t" connecttype="rect"> <o:lock ext="edit" aspectratio="t"> </v:shapetype><v:shape id="_x0000_i1025" type="#_x0000_t75" style="'width:431.25pt;"> <v:imagedata src="file:///C:\DOCUME~1\FOODSA~1\LOCALS~1\Temp\msohtml1\01\clip_image001.png" title=""> </v:shape><![endif]--><!--[if !vml]--><img src="file:///C:/DOCUME%7E1/FOODSA%7E1/LOCALS%7E1/Temp/msohtml1/01/clip_image002.jpg" shapes="_x0000_i1025" height="432" width="575" /><!--[endif]--></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: center;" align="center"><span style="font-size: 10pt;">An illustration of the foods in different numbered cups.<o:p></o:p></span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: center;" align="center"><span style="font-size: 10pt;"><o:p> </o:p></span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="text-indent: 0.5in;"><b style=""><o:p> </o:p></b></p> <p class="MsoNormal"><b style="">Results<o:p></o:p></b></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="text-indent: 0.5in;"><span style=""> </span>During the dye procedure, I noticed the colors of the foods changed.<span style=""> </span>Looking through the microscope (magnified millions of times), I saw each food’s estimated quantity of hydrogen atoms. Here I found out the most to least sour foods.<span style=""> </span>Most sour was the lemon juice, followed by vinegar, orange juice, milk, and the least was water.<span style=""> </span>The reason why these foods resulted in that order is because of their high concentration.<span style=""> </span>That means the higher amount loose hydrogen atoms with high concentration, the more sour.<span style=""> </span><st1:place st="on"><st1:city st="on">Oranges</st1:City></st1:place> and apples are sour because they have an intermediate concentration, while milk and bananas have too few, making it almost not sour at all.</p> <p class="MsoNormal"><o:p> </o:p></p> <p class="MsoNormal"><b style="">Explanation<o:p></o:p></b></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 1in; text-indent: -0.25in;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="">1.<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman"; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal; font-size-adjust: none; font-stretch: normal;"> </span></span><!--[endif]-->What are acids and bases?</p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 1in; text-indent: -0.25in;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Symbol;"><span style="">·<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman"; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal; font-size-adjust: none; font-stretch: normal;"> </span></span></span><!--[endif]-->Acids are basically substances that donate protons (hydrogen ions, H<sup>+</sup>) to bases.<span style=""> </span>An acid also produces H30<sup>+</sup> when dissolved in water. Basis is the substances that accept the protons from the acids.<span style=""> </span>They also produce <st1:state st="on"><st1:place st="on">OH-</st1:place></st1:State> when dissolve in water.</p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 1in; text-indent: -0.25in;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="">2.<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman"; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal; font-size-adjust: none; font-stretch: normal;"> </span></span><!--[endif]-->What is a molecule?</p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 1in; text-indent: -0.25in;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Symbol;"><span style="">·<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman"; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal; font-size-adjust: none; font-stretch: normal;"> </span></span></span><!--[endif]-->A molecule is a combination of two or more atoms.</p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 1in; text-indent: -0.25in;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="">3.<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman"; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal; font-size-adjust: none; font-stretch: normal;"> </span></span><!--[endif]-->Why is pH important in the ocean?</p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 1in; text-indent: -0.25in;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Symbol;"><span style="">·<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman"; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal; font-size-adjust: none; font-stretch: normal;"> </span></span></span><!--[endif]-->pH is important in the ocean because aquatic life needs it.<span style=""> </span>The lower the pH (which can be caused by metals) can be more toxic because they are more soluble.</p>Brucehttp://www.blogger.com/profile/03622598167937291995noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-6595518580342598442.post-68512321693682055282007-09-11T01:48:00.000-07:002007-09-11T01:49:19.359-07:00Holes in Bread<p class="MsoNormal"><b style="">Introduction<o:p></o:p></b></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="text-indent: 0.5in;">Have you ever noticed the holes in bread? If you look at some bread really closely, you will find holes in it. A molecule actually makes these holes.<span style=""> </span>Molecules are tiny particles that make everything around us.<span style=""> </span>How do these molecules make the holes in bread?<span style=""> </span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="text-indent: 0.5in;"><o:p> </o:p></p> <p class="MsoNormal"><b style="">Hypothesis<o:p></o:p></b></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="text-indent: 0.5in;">In this experiment, I will see what really makes these </p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="text-indent: 0.5in;"><o:p> </o:p></p> <p class="MsoNormal"><b style="">Materials<o:p></o:p></b></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="text-indent: 0.5in;">The materials I used in the experiment were a clear (science) tube, spoon, a small cup of yeast, a small cup of sugar, a glass of warm water, a Popsicle stick, timer and flashlight.</p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="text-indent: 0.5in;"><o:p> </o:p></p> <p class="MsoNormal"><b style="">Procedures<o:p></o:p></b></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="text-indent: 0.5in;">First, using the spoon, I added three scoops of yeast into the science tube.<span style=""> </span>Second, I added three scoops of sugar to the tube. (Yeast is an ingredient of bread, and sugar is food for yeast).<span style=""> </span>Then carefully, I filled the tube but only to make it three fourths of warm water.<span style=""> </span>After, I start and continued to stir the ingredients together using a Popsicle stick until the water turns the same color as the yeast.<span style=""> </span>(I used a timer, but it isn’t necessary).<span style=""> </span>Next, when the same color revealed itself, I took the flashlight and shine almost directly (very closely) to the tube.<span style=""> </span>Finally, you should be able to see the bubbles.</p> <p class="MsoNormal"><o:p> </o:p></p> <p class="MsoNormal"><b style="">Data<o:p></o:p></b></p> <p class="MsoNormal"><!--[if gte vml 1]><v:shapetype id="_x0000_t75" coordsize="21600,21600" spt="75" preferrelative="t" path="m@4@5l@4@11@9@11@9@5xe" filled="f" stroked="f"> <v:stroke joinstyle="miter"> <v:formulas> <v:f eqn="if lineDrawn pixelLineWidth 0"> <v:f eqn="sum @0 1 0"> <v:f eqn="sum 0 0 @1"> <v:f eqn="prod @2 1 2"> <v:f eqn="prod @3 21600 pixelWidth"> <v:f eqn="prod @3 21600 pixelHeight"> <v:f eqn="sum @0 0 1"> <v:f eqn="prod @6 1 2"> <v:f eqn="prod @7 21600 pixelWidth"> <v:f eqn="sum @8 21600 0"> <v:f eqn="prod @7 21600 pixelHeight"> <v:f eqn="sum @10 21600 0"> </v:formulas> <v:path extrusionok="f" gradientshapeok="t" connecttype="rect"> <o:lock ext="edit" aspectratio="t"> </v:shapetype><v:shape id="_x0000_i1025" type="#_x0000_t75" style="'width:431.25pt;"> <v:imagedata src="file:///C:\DOCUME~1\FOODSA~1\LOCALS~1\Temp\msohtml1\01\clip_image001.png" title=""> </v:shape><![endif]--><!--[if !vml]--><img src="file:///C:/DOCUME%7E1/FOODSA%7E1/LOCALS%7E1/Temp/msohtml1/01/clip_image002.jpg" shapes="_x0000_i1025" height="432" width="575" /><!--[endif]--></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: center;" align="center"><span style="font-size: 10pt;">An illustration of what would be going on in the tube if you were using a microscope.<o:p></o:p></span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: center;" align="center"><span style="font-size: 10pt;"><o:p> </o:p></span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="text-indent: 0.5in;"><b style=""><o:p> </o:p></b></p> <p class="MsoNormal"><b style="">Results<o:p></o:p></b></p> <p class="MsoNormal"><span style=""> </span>Molecules are tiny particles that make everything around us.<span style=""> </span>One of the ingredients for making bread is yeast.<span style=""> </span>Yeast is a living thing that feeds on the sugar molecules.<span style=""> </span>It breaks the sugar molecules apart into new molecules. Sugar is food for the yeast. The reaction in the tube took a little time but turn out successful.<span style=""> </span>When I looked closely with a flashlight, it revealed the bubbles which bubbled up the tube.<span style=""> </span>It looked as if it was boiling. When the sugar molecules broke up, it became carbon dioxide gas molecules (and alcohol molecules).<span style=""> </span>These carbon dioxide gas molecules were the cause of the bubbles I saw in the tube and also bread.<span style=""> </span>The chemical reaction also in the tube also happens with bread.<span style=""> </span>When yeast is added to bread dough, it breaks apart the sugar molecules in flour. When the carbon dioxide gas bubbles are trapped in the bread dough, it leaves holes when the bread is baked.</p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="text-indent: 0.5in;"><o:p> </o:p></p> <p class="MsoNormal"><b style="">Explanation<o:p></o:p></b></p> <p class="MsoNormal">Holes in Bread:<br />1. What gas causes the bubbles?</p> <ul style="margin-top: 0in;" type="disc"><li class="MsoNormal" style="">Carbon dioxide gas molecules make tiny bubbles<br /> 2. How was the gas produced?</li><li class="MsoNormal" style="">The bubbles are made by a chemical reaction.<span style=""> </span>Yeast is a living thing, so when the yeast feeds on the sugar molecues, it breaks them apart into carbon dioxide molecues and then the carbon dioxide molecues make the gas bubbles.<br /> 3. How does CO2 get in the ocean?</li><li class="MsoNormal" style="">The ocean absorbs CO2 from the atmosphere, but it’s a very long process.<span style=""> </span>The oceans also holds most of the carbon because CO2 more soluble in water than a lot of different gases.</li></ul>Brucehttp://www.blogger.com/profile/03622598167937291995noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-6595518580342598442.post-48935018324422797702007-08-31T03:16:00.000-07:002007-08-31T04:30:34.025-07:00Tides<a onblur="try {parent.deselectBloggerImageGracefully();} catch(e) {}" href="http://bp0.blogger.com/_AeXQpLENo8k/RtfwUWECdjI/AAAAAAAAAAM/8zKrUpsV27Y/s1600-h/Tides.JPG"><img style="margin: 0px auto 10px; display: block; text-align: center; cursor: pointer;" src="http://bp0.blogger.com/_AeXQpLENo8k/RtfwUWECdjI/AAAAAAAAAAM/8zKrUpsV27Y/s320/Tides.JPG" alt="" id="BLOGGER_PHOTO_ID_5104812934958315058" border="0" /><span style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-weight: bold;"></span></a><span style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-weight: bold;"></span><span style="font-weight: bold;">A. What is tidal range<br />* </span>Tidal range is the difference in water between successive high and low tides.<br /><br /><span style="font-weight: bold;">B. What causes high and low tides?<br />* </span>The tides are caused by the gravitational pull of the moon and sun and by the rotation of the earth, moon, and the sun.<br /><span style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-weight: bold;"><br />C. What causes Spring and Neap tides</span><span style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-weight: bold;">?<br />* </span><span style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0);">When the sun and moon are in line with one another, (which happens at the full and new moons), their effects add together making spring tides. Neap tides are caused when the sun and moon are directly right angles. their effects partially cancel each other. During neap tides, the tidal range are small. They happen when the moon is in the first and third quarters.<br /><br /></span><span style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-weight: bold;">D. How does tidal range effect the types of organisms and the shape and size of the organisms?<br />* </span><span style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0);">Tides have always effected different types of organisms. During and low tides, organisms are washed up to shore. Tidal range has also always drove the circulation of bays, seas, and the ocean. <br /></span>Brucehttp://www.blogger.com/profile/03622598167937291995noreply@blogger.com0